The first question most people ask when they find a nest is how to get rid of it — but the more useful question first is what it actually is. Wasps and hornets (Vespidae) and bees (Apis) both carry a sting, but their behaviour and how aggressive they get are worlds apart: bees are pollinators, a worker dies after a single sting, and the general practice — ours included — is to relocate a bee colony rather than exterminate it. Wasps and hornets are strongly social and a disturbed nest can empty out and attack as a group, which is what genuinely calls for careful handling. This page covers identifying the species, how nests change through the season, and how we handle removal — if you're trying to work out who's responsible for removing one (FEHD versus arranging it yourself), see our wasp nest removal guide.One thing up front: nest removal carries real risk, and we don't recommend handling a nest yourself — a disturbed colony can attack as a group, and nests are usually up high, so the risk is out of proportion to the size. If you're stung multiple times, or develop breathing difficulty, facial swelling, dizziness or other signs of an allergic reaction, see a doctor immediately.